Mavharuvhuzvinhu zvakakosha mumagetsi ekubata masisitimu, zvichigonesa kutonga uye kutonga kwekuyerera kwemvura. Maviri emhando dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mavharuvhu mumaindasitiri, ezvokutengeserana, uye ekugara zvikumbiro ndizvogedhi vharafuuyecheki vharafu. Nepo ese ari maviri achiita mabasa akakosha mukudzora mvura, magadzirirwo awo, mabasa, uye mashandisirwo anosiyana zvakanyanya. Kunzwisisa mutsauko pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzevhavha kwakakosha pakusarudza vheji yakakodzera kune imwe hurongwa.
Gwaro iri rakazara rinoongorora musiyano uripo pakati pemavharuvhu emagedhi uye cheki mavharuvhu, misimboti yavo yekushanda, magadzirirwo, maapplication, uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza.
1. Tsanangudzo uye Chinangwa
Gedhi Vavhavha
Vavharuvhu imhando yevharuvhu inoshandisa gedhi rakati sandara kana rakaita seweji (dhisiki) kudzora kuyerera kwemvura nemupombi. Kufamba kwegedhi, iyo perpendicular kuyerera, inobvumira kuvharwa kwakakwana kana kuvhura kwakakwana kwenzira yekuyerera. Mavharuvhu egedhi anowanzo shandiswa kana kuyerera kwakazara, kusingavharike kana kuvharika kwakazara kuchidiwa. Iwo akanakira on/off control asi haana kukodzera throttling kana kuyerera regulation.
Tarisa Valve
A cheki valve, kune rumwe rutivi, ivhavha isingadzoki (NRV) yakagadzirirwa kubvumira mvura kuyerera munzira imwe chete. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekudzivirira kudzoka shure, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kumidziyo kana kukanganisa maitiro. Cheki mavharuvhu anoshanda otomatiki uye haadi kupindira kwemaoko. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumasisitimu uko kutenderera kuyerera kunogona kukonzera kusvibiswa, kukuvadzwa kwemidziyo, kana kusaita basa.
2. Kushanda Nheyo
Gedhi Vavhavha Kushanda Nheyo
Nheyo yekushanda yevhavha yegedhi iri nyore. Kana mubato wevharuvhu kana actuator uchitenderedzwa, gedhi rinokwira kumusoro kana pasi richitevedza hunde yevharuvhu. Kana gedhi rasimudzwa zvizere, rinopa nzira yekuyerera isina kukanganiswa, zvichikonzera kuderera kuderera kwekumanikidza. Kana gedhi radzikiswa, rinovhara kuyerera zvachose.
Mavharuvhu egedhi haadzore mwero wekuyerera zvakanaka, sezvo kuvhurwa kwechidimbu kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana uye kuzunguza, zvichitungamira mukupfeka uye kubvaruka. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumashandisirwo anoda kukwana kwekutanga / kumisa basa pane kunyatso kudzora kuyerera kwemvura.
Tarisa Valve Working Principle
A cheki vharuvhu inoshanda otomatiki uchishandisa simba remvura. Kana iyo mvura ichiyerera munzira yakarongwa, inosundira disc, bhora, kana flap (zvichienderana nedhizaini) kune yakavhurika chinzvimbo. Kana kuyerera kwamira kana kuedza kudzoka shure, valve inovhara yega nekuda kwegiravhiti, backpressure, kana chitubu chemagetsi.
Izvi otomatiki otomatiki inodzivirira kudzoka shure, iyo inonyanya kubatsira mumasisitimu ane pombi kana compressors. Sezvo pasina kutonga kwekunze kunodiwa, cheki mavharuvhu anowanzoonekwa se "passive" mavharuvhu.
3. Dhizaini uye Chimiro
Gedhi Vavhavha Dhizaini
Zvinhu zvakakosha zvevhavha yegedhi zvinosanganisira:
- Muviri: Casing yekunze inobata zvese zviri mukati.
- Bonnet: Chivharo chinobviswa chinobvumira kupinda mukati mezvikamu zvevhavha.
- Tsinde: Tsvimbo ine shinda inofambisa gedhi kumusoro nekudzika.
- Gedhi (Disc): The flat or wedge-shaped component inovharira kana kubvumira kuyerera.
- Chigaro: Nzvimbo iyo gedhi rinozorora kana rakavharwa, kuve nechokwadi chisimbiso chakasimba.
Mavharuvhu egedhi anogona kukamurwa kuva anokwira dzinde uye asiri-kusimuka dzinde magadzirirwo. Rising stem mavharuvhu anopa zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvekuti vharafu yakavhurika kana yakavharwa, nepo isingasimuke dzinde madhizaini inosarudzwa apo nzvimbo yakatwasuka inogumira.
Tarisa Valve Dhizaini
Cheki mavharuvhu anouya mumhando dzakasiyana, imwe neimwe ine yakasarudzika dhizaini:
- Swing Check Valve: Inoshandisa disc kana flap inotenderera pane hinge. Inovhura nekuvhara zvichienderana negwara rekuyerera kwemvura.
- Simudza Tarisa Valve: Iyo disc inokwira kumusoro uye pasi yakatwasuka, inotungamirwa nepositi. Apo mvura inoyerera ichienda nenzira yakarurama, diski inosimudzwa, uye kana kuyerera kwamira, disc inodonha kuti isimbise valve.
- Bhora Chengetedza Valve: Inoshandisa bhora kuvhara nzira yekuyerera. Bhora rinoenda kumberi kuti ribvumire kuyerera kwemvura nekudzokera kumashure kuti rivhare reverse kuyerera.
- Piston Check Valve: Yakafanana nevhavha yekutarisa yekusimudza asi ine piston pane dhisiki, inopa chisimbiso chakasimba.
- Dhizaini yevhavhavha yecheki zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvehurongwa, senge rudzi rwemvura, chiyero chekuyerera, uye kudzvanywa.
5. Zvikumbiro
Gedhi Vavhavha Applications
- Magadzirirwo Ekupa Mvura: Inoshandiswa kutanga kana kumisa kuyerera kwemvura mumapaipi.
- Mapombi eOiri neGasi: Inoshandiswa kuparadzanisa mitsetse yemaitiro.
- Irrigation Systems: Dzora kuyerera kwemvura mumashandisirwo ekurima.
- Power Plants: Inoshandiswa mumasisitimu anotakura chiutsi, gasi, uye zvimwe zvinwiwa zvinopisa zvakanyanya.
Tarisa mavharuvhu Applications
- Pump Systems: Dzivirira kudzoka shure kana pombi yadzimwa.
- Mvura Yekurapa Zvidyarwa: Dzivirira kusvibiswa nekudzokera shure.
- Chemical Processing Plants: Dzivirira kusanganiswa kwemakemikari nekuda kwekudzokera kumashure.
- HVAC Systems: Dzivirira kuyerera kwemvura inopisa kana inotonhora mukudziya uye kutonhora masisitimu.
Mhedziso
Zvosegedhi mavharuvhuuyecheki mavharuvhukutamba mabasa akakosha mumasisitimu emvura asi ane mabasa akasiyana zvachose. Agedhi vharafuivharuvhu yebidirectional inoshandiswa kutanga kana kumisa kuyerera kwemvura, nepo acheki vharafuinonzi unidirectional valve inoshandiswa kudzivirira kudzokera shure. Mavharuvhu egedhi anoitwa nemaoko kana otomatiki, nepo cheki mavharuvhu anoshanda otomatiki pasina kupindira kwemushandisi.
Kusarudza vharafu yakakodzera zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwezvinodiwa. Nezvikumbiro zvinoda kudzivirirwa kwekudzokera shure, shandisa cheki valve. Nezvikumbiro panodiwa kudzora mvura, shandisa gedhi vharafu. Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera, kuiswa, uye kuchengetedza mavharuvhu aya kuchaita kuti hurongwa hushande, kuvimbika, uye hupenyu hurefu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2024